Jōsei Toda

Jōsei Toda (戸田 城聖, Toda Jōsei, 11 Dzove 1900 – 2 Afɔfiɛ 1958) nye nufiala, ŋutifafa taʋlila kple Soka Gakkai ƒe dukplɔla evelia tso ƒe 1951 va ɖo ƒe 1958.

Esi wodee gaxɔ me ƒe eve le Xexemeʋa II me le Ŋutifafa Takpɔkpɔ Sea dzi dada kple nya si wotsɔ ɖe eŋu be lèse-majesté tso tsitretsitsi ɖe aʋaa ŋu ta la, edo le gaxɔ me kple susu be yeagbugbɔ Soka Gakkai atu. Wogblɔ tso eŋu be eyae nye Soka Gakkai ƒe xɔtuɖaŋunyala amesi koŋ gbɔ eƒe anyinɔnɔ egbea tso.

Toda nye Tsunesaburō Makiguchi ƒe nusrɔ̃la kple Daisaku Ikeda ƒe aɖaŋuɖola, siwo nye Soka Gakkai ƒe dukplɔla gbãtɔ kple etɔ̃lia. Ezã nya "amegbetɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ" tsɔ xɔ Makiguchi ƒe susu siwo ku ɖe sukudede kple dzidzɔkpɔkpɔ yometiti le agbe me ŋu be "wodo ƒome madzudzɔmadzudzɔe le agbememɔzɔzɔ si yi edzi yi ameɖokui tutuɖo ɖaa me." Toda ƒe kplɔlanyenye le Soka Gakkai tutu me nye tanya si Ikeda ƒe babla 12 ƒe roman à clef, "Amegbetɔ ƒe Tɔtrɔ Kpata" ("Ningen kakumei")

Agbenɔnɔ le ɖevime

Wodzi Toda le ƒe 1900 me, eye wònye tɔƒodelawo ƒe ƒome aɖe ƒe viŋutsu wuiɖekɛlia le ƒuta kɔƒe si nye Shioya, le egbegbe Kaga, Ishikawa, le Japan Ƒua to. Le ƒe 1904 me la, eƒe ƒomea ʋu yi Hokkaido, eye wova nɔ tɔƒodekɔƒe si nye Atsuta me. Tso esime wòxɔ ƒe 15 la, ewɔ dɔ le suku me, eye wòxɔ ɖaseɖigbalẽ gbã abe gɔmedzesuku nufiala teƒenɔla ene esime wòxɔ ƒe 17 emegbe, le ƒe etɔ̃ megbe, abe ɣeyiɣiawo katã ƒe gɔmedzesuku nufiala ene. Le ƒe 1920 me la, eʋu yi Tokyo afisi wòdo go Tsunesaburo Makiguchi, si nye gɔmedzesuku )ƒe tatɔ, si ava zu eƒe aɖaŋuɖola le. Efia nu na Makiguchi vaseɖe ƒe 1922 me, emegbe eʋu suku si menye ame ŋutɔ tɔ o eye wòfia nu sukuvi siwo nɔ dzadzram ɖo ɖe woƒe titinasuku yiyi dodokpɔwo ŋu.

Toda kple srɔ̃a ƒe vinyɔnuvi si xɔ ɣleti 6 ku le ƒe 1923 me eye srɔ̃a ku le ƒe eve megbe le yɔmekpe ta. Toda hã xɔ dɔléle ma ke eye wòdzea dɔ zi geɖe.

Eƒe ganyawo trɔ esi wota eƒe akɔntabubu ŋuti nufiamegbalẽa dzidzedzetɔe eye woxɔe.

Ame tɔxɛ

Ne edze nufiafia gɔme le Yubari vɔ la, sɔhɛ tomenukulawo le nutoa me vaa eƒe aƒeme le dɔ megbe be yewoadzro nyawo abe dunyahehe kple ŋutinya ene me. Woŋlɔe ɖi be etsɔ sukudede ƒe ɖɔɖɔɖo ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo hã ɖo ɖe Sukudede Dɔwɔƒe si me susu siwo woatsɔ ana nufialawo ƒe nɔnɔmewo nanyo ɖe edzi kpakple sukukplɔla siwo si ŋutete geɖe wu tutuɖo le. Le ŋkekenyuigbalẽ aɖe si woŋlɔ le ƒe 1920 me nu la, susu si ta wòʋu tso Hokkaido yi Tokyo ƒe akpa aɖee nye didi vevie be yeazu "xexeme dukɔmevi."

Toda ƒe amenyenye si me kɔ la to vovo kura na eƒe aɖaŋuɖola, Tsunesaburo Makiguchi si nye agbalẽnyala kple nufialagã. Wogblɔ tso Toda ŋu be enye "ame si dzraa nu sesẽwo le eƒe xɔse ta--egblɔa nyateƒetoto, ŋusẽtɔ, zi geɖe la, amemabumabu, nuƒoƒo. Ŋutete nɔ esi be wòagblɔ Nichiren kple Makiguchi ƒe susuwo eme kɔ eye wòsesẽ. Eƒe nyateƒetoto kple dzonɔameme kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ame siwo wòdo goe dzi vevie. Toda hã ɖe ŋusẽ fia le habɔbɔ ƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me, le kadodomɔnu siwo le tsitrenu kple esiwo le tsia dzi ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe ɖoɖo anyi si na ɖekawɔwɔ wɔ ɖeka le Soka Gakkai ƒe habɔbɔ ƒe ɖoɖoa me.

Nufialagã

Togbɔ be wonya Toda ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le sukudede me nyuie wu to eƒe ɖɔɖɔɖo kple gadodo na Makiguchi ƒe "System of Value-Creating Pedagogy" me hã la, ewɔ dɔ vevie abe nufiala kple agbalẽŋlɔla ene hã.

Dɔwɔwɔ le gɔmedzedzea me abe nufiala ene Toda ƒe nufiafiadɔ gbãtɔe nye Mayachi Gɔmedzesuku, si le Ubari, Hokkaido, si nye du si me woɖea dzo le, ƒe akpa aɖe si sa ɖe aga. Edze dɔwɔwɔ gɔme le afima le ƒe 1918 me abe nufiala teƒenɔla ene eye le ƒe ɖeka megbe la, woɖoe klass 6 lia ƒe nufiala esi wòto ɖaseɖigbalẽ dodokpɔ aɖe me. Edzudzɔ zi ɖeka le ƒe 1920 me gake enɔ lɛta ŋlɔm kple eƒe sukuviwo ƒe 15 sɔŋ.

Toda ƒe sukudede ƒe susuwo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ bliboe wue nye Shiohara.[axa hiã] Le Shiohara ƒe nya nu la, Toda kpɔ nufiafiamɔnu aɖe tso eya ŋutɔ ƒe numekuku si wowɔ koŋ be wòakpɔ eƒe Miyachi gɔmedzesukuviwo ƒe nuhiahiãwo gbɔ, amesiwo tso teƒe siwo hiã tu eye wòkpe fu le dzesi siwo bɔbɔ ɖe anyi ta.

Makiguchi xɔ Toda be wòanye nufiala teƒenɔla le Nishimachi Gɔmedzesuku. Toda trɔ ɖoƒewo be yeayi edzi anɔ dɔ wɔm kple Makiguchi esime wotsɔ mamlɛtɔa yi Mikasa Gɔmedzesuku, si nye suku si me sukuvi dahewo le le Tokyo, me sesẽe.